Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAbout[03] Comprehensive Plan Update I. PURPOSE INTROI CTION The City of St. Joseph Comprehensive Plan is a dynamic planning tool intended to guide the future growth and development of the City. Authority to create and implement the Comprehensive Plan is provided by Minnesota Statute, Section 462.351 to 462.364. The Comprehensive Plan is based on rE l local and regional historical facts, trends and governmental planning p?r' standards and includes public opinion gained through a variety of methods. This document presents the Comprehensive Plan for St. Joseph, Minnesota; reflective of the community planning process conducted in 2008. The final document was approved in 2008. Authority for Planning: Given under Minnesota Statute The Comprehensive Plan guides the overall growth and development of the City of St. Joseph. The Comprehensive Plan is the umbrella document guiding future land use management decisions from redevelopment projects through development of new subdivisions. Local controls such as the City's zoning and subdivision ordinances, the capital improvement plan, special protection overlay districts and the like assist in implementing the Comprehensive Plan. The Comprehensive Plan identifies the type, amount, and pattern of growth that has taken place within the City and utilizes this information for the planning of future growth. Accordingly, the Comprehensive Plan provides a knowledge base for instituting a hierarchy of policies that will assist the community in processing a variety of development issues on a defined policy level. This information and policy base will allow decision- makers to evaluate and guide proposals benefiting the residents of St. Joseph. This Comprehensive Plan begins with a vision statement which describes how current day planning process participants described what the City will look like in the year 2030. Implementation actions for fulfilling the City's vision are described through goal statements and objectives and policies employed throughout the document. Goal statements are idealistic statements that are purposefully general in nature and intended to be attained at an undetermined future date. Goals are broad-based and intended to be achieved through subsequent objectives and policies. Objectives and policies are specific action items that mayor may not be measurable. Objectives generally begin with an action verb and policies often include 'should' or 'shall' statements. 2008 City of 51. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 1 Page 1 INTRODUCTION VISION Goal Goal II. UPDATING AND AMENDING THE PLAN A. Comprehensive Plan Update The City Council requested the Planning Commission lead the 2008 update process. The Planning Commission advised City Council relating to the individual elements of the Plan. The Planning Commission also assisted with securing community input throughout the update process and solicited advice from the Economic Development Authority and the Park Board. Following completion of the draft elements the Planning Commission hosted a public hearing on the proposed plan amendment. Following the public hearing the Planning Commission recommended the City Council approve the amendment. The 2008 Comprehensive Plan was adopted by resolution of the City Council and required a super-majority vote. B. Comprehensive Plan Amendment The 2008 Comprehensive Plan update may be amended should unforeseen events occur or should conditions on which the Plan is based change. Such amendment should not be impulsive or erratic or to the benefit of a specific property owner. Amendments to the Comprehensive Plan may originate from the Planning Commission, the City Councilor the fee owner of property affected by the Comprehensive Plan. If the amendment request is from a fee owner, the fee owner shall bear the burden of proof the proposed amendment is not capricious or of sole benefit to the applicant. All amendment requests require a public hearing by the Planning Commission. Following the public hearing the Planning Commission shall make a recommendation to the City Council to approve or deny the amendment request pursuant to findings of fact. The recommendation (in resolution form) and findings of fact shall be forwarded to the City Council for action. The City Council shall memorialize action on the request through a resolution. Approval shall require a super-majority vote of the City Council. Comprehensive Plan amendment requests are subject to M.S. 915.99 (as may be amended). 2008 City of St. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 1 Page 2 INTRODUCTION III. RELATIONSHIP TO LOCAL CONTROLS AND PROJECTS Local controls include, but may not be limited to, the zoning ordinance, the subdivision ordinance, and flood plain or shoreland management ordinances. The capital improvement program, while not a 'local control' is an invaluable tool for implementation of the Comprehensive Plan. It is important to note that local controls should be revised following the update of the Comprehensive Plan so as to assure consistency between the measures. Such consistency, however, is not mandatory in greater Minnesota so the City of St. Joseph is not required to ensure consistency between the Plan and its local controls. In the event a local control is inconsistent with the Comprehensive Plan the local control usually prevails. However, if the local control specifically requires consistency with the Comprehensive Plan that consistency shall prevail. Other types of activities and/or projects require evaluation of the subject activity or project for consistency with the Comprehensive Plan. For example, prior to the City Council approving a tax increment finance plan, the Planning Commission must approve a resolution certifying the proposed project complies with the Comprehensive Plan. If a proposed project is not consistent with the Comprehensive Plan it may be revised so as to attain consistency. IV. SCOPE OF PLAN This Comprehensive Plan encompasses ten (10) general categories of information as follows. In addition a series of maps are interspersed throughout the document as a means of illustrating goals and recommendations itemized in narrative form. 1. A review of the Physical Setting of the Community, which indicates the geographical nature of the community in terms of a regional context along with an evaluation of the physical aspects of the City such as soils information, topographical elements and physical barriers to development. 2. A review of Demographic Characteristics and Social Trends contains historic and projected population information and social characteristics of the community including age, education, occupation and income. 3. A Land Use Section includes elements that inventory existing land uses, identify potential infill or redevelopment areas and evaluate future land use. This section also includes a future land use map. 4. A Housing element that evaluates the current housing stock, identifies housing opportunities, establishes policies for future housing development and identifies housing financing programs to achieve the goals established. 5. A section on Transportation includes information on the current transportation system, goals and policies for future transportation planning. 6. A section pertaining to Municipal Utilities. This includes historic wastewater generation rates, the service area of the system, the system design and long-term treatment facility and service strategies and water demand and analysis, treatment and storage capacity and the system as it relates to historic and future demand. 2008 City of St. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 1 Page 3 INTRODUCTION 7. A section on Municipal or Administrative Buildings and Public Services includes information relating to government, health care, churches and educational facilities. 8. The Parks, Trails and Recreation Section includes an inventory of existing park and recreational amenities an analysis of future needs and policies relating to the future parks, trails and other recreational offerings. 9. An Economic Development Section includes information on local economic trends and forecasts. 10. An Implementation Section describes and summarizes local controls pertaining to land use; the subdivision of land, and the City's Capital Improvement Plan process. V. METHODOLOGY This Comprehensive Plan is the product of several entities and systematic, ongoing, forward-looking processes including: . Development of a community survey instrument which was distributed at public meetings, and available for downloading from the City's website and available for pick up at City Hall; . Public/Neighborhood meeting(s); . Meetings with owners/operators of business establishments within the community; . Gathering of historical data from the city, county, state and U.S. Census; . Analysis of opportunities and constraints leading to the formation of goals and objectives; . Review of City ordinances, studies, reports, etc.; . Inventory of pertinent information, statistical data and existing structures; . Assistance from the City Engineer; . Input from City agencies/commissions, including the Planning Commission, the Community Arts Board, and the City Council; and, . City staff participation. 2008 City of St. Joseph Comprehensive Plan COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ELEMENTS ./ Physical profile ./ Demographic profile ./ Land use ./ Housing ./ Transportation ./ Utilities ./ Facilities ./ Parks, trails & recreation ./ Economic Development ./ Implementation BASED ON A SYSTEMATIC FORWARD LOOKING PROCESS ROOTED IN THE PUBLIC'S INPUT Chapter 1 Page 4 INTRODUCTION VI. COMMUNITY INPUT HIGHLIGHTS In February of 2008 elected and appointed officials and the public were invited participate in a visioning session to answer questions about what they wanted living, working and relaxing in 81. Joseph post-2030 to be like. The community meeting included small group discussion and a visual preference survey. A written survey instrument was distributed to all persons attending the vision session. The written survey instrument was also available for downloading from the City's website and available for pick up at the City offices. A complete copy of the results from the written surveys is included at the close of this chapter. 2008 City of 51. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 1 Page 5 INTRODUCTION NOTICE: YOUR OPINION IS NEEDED TO HELP SHAPE FUTURE OF ST. JOSEPH. PLEASE COMPLETE AND RETURN TO CITY HALL The City Council and Planning Commission of St. Joseph are seeking input from community members interested in participating in the visualization and guiding of St. Joseph's future development and redevelopment. The following detailed survey allows you an opportunity to comment on a number of topics. The goal of the survey is to help City leaders set priorities. Your comments will be incorporated into the City of St. Joseph's Comprehensive Plan update. Thank you in advance for taking time to complete this rather lengthy survey - a/ease be assured vour comments matter! I. QUALITY OF LIFE 1. Please list what you think are the two best aspects of day-to-day life in St. Joseph or the two most positive attributes of St. Joseph? (1 ) (2) 2. Please list what you believe are major challenges facing St. Joseph? (1 ) (2) 3. Please identify the most important POLITICAL force (Le. cause of chanqe) and trend (Le. qeneral tendency) having a serious impact on the St. Joseph community? FORCE: TREND: 4. Please identify the most important ECONOMICAL force and trend having a serious impact on the St. Joseph community? FORCE: TREND: 5. Please identify the most important SOCIO-CUl TURAl force and trend having a serious impact on the St. Joseph community? FORCE: TREND: 6. Please identify the most important TECHNOLOGICAL force and trend having a serious impact on the St. Joseph community? FORCE: TREND: 7. What is the one major improvement that would make living in St. Joseph better for you? II. HOUSING 8. How would you describe the current physical condition of the existing housing stock in St. Joseph? EXCELLENT GOOD FAIR POOR 9. What type of housing do you feel is most needed in the City? Please circle your top choice: SINGLE-FAMILY APARTMENTS SENIOR LIVING TOWNHOMES CONDOMINIUMS 10. What value of housing is most needed in the City? Please circle your top response: AFFORDABLE MARKET RATE LUXURY 2008 City of St. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 1 Page 6 INTRODUCTION III. TRANSPORTATION 11. In your opinion, what is the physical condition of roads in the community? EXCELLENT GOOD FAIR POOR 12. Should the City take an active role in organizing a carpooling program? YES _ NO, why: 13. What can the City do to assist in the development of alternative transportation options (e.g. pedestrian, bicycle, bus)? 14. Are you aware of any existing or pending transportation/traffic issues in the City that have not been addressed, whether motorized or pedestrian and/or private or public? Where, describe. IV. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 15. In your opinion what businesses/services would be a pleasant addition to the community? 16. Should the City offer businesses assistance (i.e. tax abatement, tax increment financing, low interest loan, etc) to promote economic growth? 17. What area(s) or specific properties in the community should be targeted for future commercial/industrial development? V. PARKS 18. What park facilities would most add to the quality of life in St. Joseph? Playground equipment Athletic Fields Picnic Shelters Trails 19. Are all areas of the City served well by existing parks facilities? _ YES _ NO, Where are deficiencies? 20. How would you rank the quality of existing park facilities on a scale of 1 to 5 with 1 being poor and 5 being excellent? 2 3 4 5 21. What one major recreation improvement would you like to see made during the next five years? 22. Do you think the following groups have sufficient recreational opportunities in St. Joseph: Yes No A. Children B. Teens C. Adults D. Seniors E. Families F. Tourists 2008 City of St. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 1 Page 7 INTRODUCTION VI. PUBLIC FACILITIES/SERVICES 23. What health care and/or social services are most in need in the community? VII. POLICY - ELECTED OFFICIALS - GENERAL GOVERNMENT 24. Do you feel you are informed about City Council decisions? _ YES NO 25. Do you feel community members/officials/organizations work together? _ YES NO 26. Is local government responsive and are services provided equitably? _ YES NO The following section of the survey will help the City determine potential public perceptions. Please read the statement and determine whether the statement applies or does not apply to S1. Joseph. Place an .X" in the appropriate column. Some statements may not seem logical. ITEM APPLIES DOESN'T APPLY Careful knowledge of the natural environment Strong belief in and support for education Attention to a sound and well-maintained physical infrastructure Evidence of pride in the community Strong presence of traditional institutions in the community A strong multi-generational family orientation Willingness to seek help from outside sources Emphasis on quality in business and community life A cooperative community spirit Broad community participation in community decision-making Sophisticated use of information resources and networks Willingness to invest in the future A realistic awareness of future opportunities Awareness of the community's competitive position Careful use of community financial resources An active economic development program Belief that, in the long term, you have to do it yourself A deliberate transition of power to a younger generation of leaders A problem-solving approach to making decisions affecting the community THIS SECTION OF THE SURVEY WILL ASSIST CITY LEADERS IN PRIORITIZING PROJECTS/ISSUES: THE FOllOWING RULES APPLY: . Please complete this questionnaire independently without consulting others. . Please circle either one statement or the other (not both or neither). . Please interpret each question as you see fit. 1. In reaard to future development and redevelopment would vou encouraae the Citv to emphasize a development sMe which: a. Primarily encourages mixed uses (e.g. mixed housing types/densities; mixed uses like housing and commercial). b. Primarily features tiered land uses (e.g. separate commercial and single family residential zones with a buffer zone of multiple family residential land use). 2008 City of St. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 1 Page 8 INTRODUCTION 2. In future residential development would vou encouraae the Citv to place more emphasis: a. On the development of affordable housing (Le. single family houses at less than $200,000, rent at less than $600 _ based on 2006 median family income not including insurance & taxes). b. Maintaining larger lots. 3. When manaaina future arowth in parcels abuttina existina areas with public water/sewer should the Cftv: a. Specify where urban growth can occur and at what time. b. Allow the price of land to dictate where and when development adjacent to urban areas occurs. 4. In areas predominantlv aaricultural in nature now but which mav be subiect to future urban development. would vou encouraae the Cftv to: a. Prohibit subdivision of lots into sizes less than 10 acres. b. Allow property owners who choose to develop their property with wells & septics subdivide into lots of less than 10 acres. 5. When facina budaet constraints which should be a areater priorftv: a. The developmentlmaintenance of public facilities such as a City library, City Hall, Fire Hall, maintenance facilities, hospital, etc. b. The development of quality of life facilities and opportunities such as parks and trails. 6. Recoanizina both are important would vou encouraae the Citv to place more emphasis on: a. Quality of life facilities, opportunities and amenities (park and trail system development, recreational programs, educational/cultural opportunities). b. Keeping taxes low. 7. Recoanizina both are important would vou encouraae the Cftv to place more emphasis on: a. Encouraging commercial development on lots with highway frontage. b. Encourage developmentlredevelopment in the downtown. 8. Would vou encouraae the Citv to: a. Develop more, smaller parks used by neighborhood and community residents. b. Develop a few larger parks that are used by all City and area residents/tourists. 9. Would vou encouraae the Cftv to: a. Fix up andlor enhance existing parks and recreational areas. b. Accept the donation of additional parkland in developing areas. 10. Would vou encouraae the Cftv to: a. Begin developing vacant or undeveloped parklands. b. Fix up or enhance existing park and recreation areas. 11. Recoanizina that both are important. should the Citv: a. Place greater emphasis redeveloping existing commercial areas. b. Attracting new business development. 12. Recoanizina that both are important. should the Citv: a. Place greater emphasis on attracting commercial/service developments (restaurants, personal services, etc.). b. Place greater emphasis on attracting industrial development (adding jobs to the community). 2008 City of 81. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 1 Page 9 INTRODUCTION 13. Would you encouraae the City to: a. Employ advanced standards for aesthetics for businesses (e.g. require portions of building facades utilize prescribed exterior building materials; landscaping standards). b. Pursue less stringent standards (e.g. allow pole buildings; do not require landscaping) as a means of attracting more business. 14. Would yOU encouraae the City to: a. Encourage participationflnterest by youth in the community through: active participation and leadership in establishing recreational, citizenship and mentoring programs. b. Providing facilities designed for youth (e.g. teen center). 15. Recoanizina both are important would yOU encouraae the City to place areater emphasis on: a. Roadway construction and improvement projects. b. Enhancing park and recreational facilities and trail systems. 16. Reaardina future development would yOU encouraae the City to: a. Require all development pay for itself (require trunk area charges, water/sewer access charges, roadway/storm sewer impact fees, parkland dedication/fees, require plat/plan review fee/escrow, etc). b. Participate sharing of development costs in a limited manner as a means of attracting growth. 17. Would you encouraae the City to promotelretain imaae/ambiance in the community by: a. Implementing historic preservation, site design, landscaping and outdoor storage standards. b. Allowing development to occur as it has been. 18. Would you encouraae the City to preserve the rural. small town nature of the City: a. By limiting growth in rural areas. b. Working with developers to design residential environments that are fully compatible with adjacent areas (e.g. limit foundation size, building height; require landscaping techniques that preserve native vegetation, woodland and wildlife communities). 19. Recoanizina both are important. should the City place more emphasis on: a. Encouraging residential growth. b. Diversifying the tax base through an increased presence of commercialTindustrial uses. 20. Recoanizina that protection of the phvsical environment is of community-wide benefit would yOU encouraae the City to: a. Address water quality issues affecting groundwater on a citywide basis (e.g. manage stormwater runoff through regional public systems) funded in part through a stormwater utility fee. b. Require individual property owners to properly manage stormwater runoff (e.g. be responsible for ensure post- development runoff rates/affluent ratios do not exceed pre-development rates). PLEASE FEEL FREE TO ADD OTHER SPECIFIC COMMENTS NOT ADDRESSED ELSEWHERE IN THE SPACE FOllOWING: 2008 City of St. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 1 Page 10 PHYSICAL SETTING PHYSICP SETTING I Land area is a finite resource that once converted to urban use is difficult to change. Land within the City of St. Joseph will continue to develop and change, however, the pattern, location and to a certain extent, the timing of that development can be influenced by the community. Understanding the physical characteristics of the land within and around the City is essential to determining how the urban environment will function, appear and endure. At the heart of the issue is not whether but how the City will grow and change. This Chapter is intended to assist in guiding growth and preserving environmental sensitive and environmentally significant areas. This Chapter does not include an inventory of each potentially environmentally sensitive/significant area or aspire to gauge the quality thereof, rather this Chapter includes: 1. A Physical Profile including information on and identification of physical attributes and natural resources; the physical profile does not constitute a complete inventory of natural resources but should be used to help decision-makers identify what and where natural resources may be located in and close to the City of St. Joseph. 2. Natural Resource Objectives; and 3. Natural Resource Policies/Recommendations. For ease in review, a summary of the physical profile is included at the beginning of the Chapter. 2008 City of S1. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 2 PaQe 1 PHYSICAL SETTING I. REGIONAL CONTEXT Beautifully nestled in scenic central Minnesota, S1. Joseph has a history as rich as the soils of the low-lying hills and flat farmlands its German ancestors cultivated. S1. Joseph enjoys the amenities of a metro area (S1. Cloud) while retaining its genuine small town character and friendliness. As in integral part of one of the state's fastest growing areas, S1. Joseph features a healthy economy and steady growth. The City of S1. Joseph is contained in the S1. Cloud Metropolitan Statistical Area. The City is located approximately eight (8) miles west of S1. Cloud between 1-94 and Stearns County Road 75. S1. Joseph is approximately 70 miles northwest of the Twins Cities Metropolitan Area. S1. Joseph is situated in east central Stearn's County, the seventh most populous county in the state. The City of S1. Joseph incorporated in 1890 and now includes approximately 4.07 square miles of land (2000 census and annexation information) with a population of 5,873 (2006 State Demographers estimate). Important traffic corridors in the City include 1-94 and Stearns County Road 75. Figure 2.1 indicates the location of S1. Joseph in a regional context. Figure 2.1 Regional Context Map 2008 City of 81. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 2 PaQe 2 PHYSICAL SETTING II. PHYSICAL PROFILE SUMMARY · The climate of St. Joseph and surrounding region is characterized by warm, humid summers with severe local storms and occasional tornadoes and cold, dry winters. · Ecological Classification System (the ECS is a hierarchical system of land classifications to identify, describe, and map progressively smaller areas of land with increasingly uniform ecological features) properties for St. Joseph include: · Ecological Province: Eastern Broadleaf Forest (a transition zone between a semi- arid prairie to the west and semi-humid coniferous forest to the north and east) · Ecological Section: Minnesota and Northeast Iowa Morainal (a long band of deciduous forest, woodland, and prairie) · Ecological Subsection: Hardwood Hills (steep slopes, high hills and lakes formed in glacial end m.oraines and .outwash plains) · Pre-settlement vegetation exhibits characteristics consistent with an area of significant ecological change ranging from maple-basswood forests interspersed with oak savannas, tallgrass prairies, and oak forests. Bur oak and northern pin oak were historically common, as well as large areas of brushland with upland prairie. · Topography within the St. Joseph area features fluctuations in elevation from about 1050 to 1150 feet above sea level. The lowest points coincide with the South Fork of the Watab River and wetland areas east of the current corporate limits adjacent to CSAH 75. Areas of steep slopes (soil classifications with greater than 12% slope) are interspersed throughout the community. · The St. Joseph area is known or predicted to host several important species. Minnesota's Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy developed by the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources provides an action plan for species most in need of conservation within the Hardwood Hills Ecological Classification System Subsection. The profile identifies 85 SGCN known or predicted to occur within the region of which 28 species that are federal or state endangered, threatened, or of special concern. · Factors related most to species decline or vulnerability within both the Hardwood Hills Subsection are: habitat loss within the state; habitat degradation within the state, habitat loss outside the state, pollution and invasive species. · Parent materials deposited by receding glaciers in and around the St. Joseph area consist of till (accumulations of unsorted, unstratified mixtures of clay, silt, sand, gravel and boulders) and outwash sediments (sand and gravel washed out of a glacier and deposited by meltwater streams). · St. Joseph is split by two watersheds (Sauk River and Missisippi River - Sartell). According to data from the United States Geological Service (USGS), the Sauk River Watershed consists of approximately 1,041 square miles and the Mississippi River - Sartell Wateshed consists of 1,020 square miles. Both of these watersheds are located in the Upper Mississippi River Basin. · The South Fork of the Watab River, the Sauk River and a public water wetland (a.k.a. Lake Sarah) are the only surface waters contained within the City of St. Joseph. Kraemer Lake in St. Joseph Township and Rassier Lake within St. Wendel Townships are in relatively close proximity to the City of St. Joseph. 2008City of St. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 2. Paqe 3 PHYSICAL SETTING . A number of wetlands are present in and around the City, particularly along the South Fork of the Watab River in the northwest part of the City. Stearns County Environmental Services is the local governmental unit responsible for implementing wetland protection measures and administers the Wetland Conservation Act (WCA) on behalf of the City. . Floodplain areas within the community are located along the South Fork of the Watab River in the northwestern part of the City and the Sauk River in the southwestern part of the City. The City regulates floodplain areas through a locally established floodplain ordinance. . According to the City Engineer, most wells are supplied by a surficial aquifer at a depth of about 70 feet. Groundwater quality is generally good, however, it is high in iron and manganese. Groundwater in the area is generally thought to be free from contamination. However, groundwater sensitivity in the St. Joseph area and most of eastern Stearns County is categorized as highly susceptibility to contamination according to the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency report on Groundwater Contamination Susceptibility in Minnesota from 1989. . The MnDNR classifies the likely continued availability of groundwater within Area 4, which St. Joseph is located in, as 'good' within areas of surficial sands, moderate in areas of buried sands and limited in areas of bedrock. The DNR states that since Area 4 ground water supports lakes, wetlands, and streams, that the continuing pumping of groundwater may deplete these resources. . The Minnesota Pollution Control Agency reports thirteen (13) confirmed instances of gas, diesel, fuel oil, etc. leaking from above/underground storage tanks since 1989. Some sites have contaminated soils remaining. . The EPA has registered several handlers of hazardous materials within the City of St. Joseph. Hazardous waste is any by-product that may pose or potentially pose a substantial hazard to human health or the environment if not properly managed. . The Environmental Protection Agency certifies all counties in Minnesota meet Clean Air Act National Ambient Air Quality Standards. The Minnesota Pollution Control Agency has developed an air quality map for the entire state of Minnesota. The map gives air quality in Stearns County a grade of 'D' meaning lower than average. . The MPCA conducted an extensive air toxic monitoring study from 1996 to 2001. Stearns County was included in the north central study region. A test station in St. Cloud was the closest point to St. Joseph. Overall the St. Cloud test site rated healthy quality of air. . The OSA and MnDOT have produced "Mn/Model" Minnesota's Statewide Archeological Predictive Model. The Model categorizes most of Stearns County as low potential, however, within areas near St. Joseph along the Sauk River and South Fork of the Watab River are suspected to have a high probability for sites excluding single artifacts. . A search of the National Register of Historic Places reveals three (3) listings for the City of St. Joseph. They are St. Benedicts's Covenant and College (includes multiple structures), Church of St. Joseph and the First State Bank Building. 2008 City of St. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 2 PaQe 4 III. HISTORY PHYSICAL SETTING The St. Joseph area features rolling hills, occasional pockets of wetlands and plentiful flat lands. History reveals the area was initially home to Chippewa and Dakota Sioux Native Americans who relied on the abundant fish and wildlife found in and around the area. In general, the Chippewa were involved in the fur trade while the Sioux were principally engaged in hunting. St. Joseph, due to its proximity to the Mississippi River was included in many explorers' travels. The first immigrants, many of them German Catholics began arriving in the mid-1850's. Wheat and other cash crops thrived in the area's rich soil bringing more settlers by the beginning of the 1900's. Since the height of the agricultural era, diversifying commercial opportunities has become increasingly important. Within a five-minute drive from St. Joseph an array of sites and recreational activities abound including many lakes, ponds, streams, parks and trails. Education is also one of St. Joseph's hallmarks. Founded by Benedictine religious communities, the College of St. Benedict is located within the community. IV. PHYSICAL SETTING A. Size The 2000 Census identifies 1.86 square miles of land area within St. Joseph. The land area has increased substantially since the 2000 Census. A total of 2.21 square miles or 1,416 acres have been annexed from St. Joseph Township to the City of St. Joseph since the year 2000 for a current land area of 4.07 square miles. Figure 2.2 below identifies all the annexations that have taken place since 2000. Figure 2.2 St. Joseph Annexations from 2000 - Present CCC, OA-524-3 4 OA-524-4 203 OA-524-5 14 OA-524-6 45 OA-524-7 43 OA-524-8 34 OA-524-9 472 OA-524-10 11 OA-524-11 23 OA-524-12 8 OA-524-13 3 OA-524-14 78 OA-524-15 81.48 OA-1240-1 49.65 OA-524-16 320 OA-1283-1 27.1 Total Acres 1,416.23 Source: State of Minnesota Municipal Boundary Adjustments 200BCity ofSt. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Orderly Annexation Orderly Annexation Orderly Annexation Orderly Annexation Orderly Annexation Orderly Annexation Orderly Annexation Orderly Annexation Orderly Annexation Orderly Annexation Orderly Annexation Orderly Annexation Orderly Annexation Orderly Annexation Orderly Annexation Orderly Annexation """;' C ~ January 18, 2000 December 18, 2000 February 25, 2003 August 14, 2002 August14,2002 August 14, 2003 August 14, 2003 September 12,2003 September 12, 2003 May 13, 2004 July 8, 2004 August 12, 2004 December 9,2004 March 9, 2006 June 19, 2006 October 18, 2006 Chapter 2 PaQe 5 B. Climate PHYSICAL SETTING The climate of St. Joseph and surrounding region is characterized by warm, humid summers with severe local storms and occasional tornadoes. A noteworthy event occurred on June 10, 2005 when three category 0 tornados touched down two to three miles west of St. Joseph The winter seasons are generally cold and relatively dry. During late December, January, and early February, temperatures frequently remain below freezing. Frost in Minnesota takes place as early as September and ends as late as May. Soil freeze occurs in Minnesota during the late fall and early winter months. Figure 2.3 reflects the monthly averages of the temperature and precipitation as well as record high and low temperature for each month. Figure 2.3 Monthly Average Temperature and Precipitation for St. Joseph 210F 10F 280 F 90 F 400F 210F 5r F 340 F 710F 4rF 790 F 560 F 830 F 610 F 810F 600F 710 F 500 F 590 F 390 F 390 F 230 F December 250 F 80 F Source: The Weather Channel Interactive, Inc. v. LAND RESOURCES A. Ecologic Framework 110 F 190 F 300 F 460 F 590 F 680 F 720 F 700 F 610 F 490 F 310 F 1r F 0.91 in. 0.73 in. 1.80 in. 2.15 in. 3.50 in. 4.68 in. 3.63 in. 3.81 in. 3.18 in. 2.48 in. 1.72 in. 0.74 in. 540F 2003 600F 1951 770F 1968 950F 1980 960F 2001 1010F 1988 1030F 1988 1000F 1988 9rF 1978 890F 1953 780F 1999 610F 1998 -360F 1977 -3rF 1996 -300F 1962 20F 1979 190F 1967 350F 1964 410F 1969 390F 1965 230F 1965 130F 1976 -190F 1964 -350F 1983 The Ecological Classification System (ECS) developed by the Minnesota DNR and U.S. Forestry Service for Minnesota uses a hierarchical system of land classifications to identify, describe, and map progressively smaller areas of land with increasingly uniform ecological features. ECS mapping helps users to consider ecological patterns at various levels from continents to small areas such as a single wooded area so as to identify areas with similar management opportunities or constraints. A conscious knowledge of ECS attributes can help local leaders manage natural resources on a sustainable basis. ECS Provinces An overview (interpret as a wide-angle view or zoomed out view) of Minnesota illustrates four of North America's ecological provinces or biomes (see Figure 2.4) which represent major climate zones are present in Minnesota. These are Prairie Parkland, Tallgrass Aspen Parkland, 2008 City of St. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Prairie Parkland Figure 2.4 Ecological Provinces in Minnesota Source: MnDNR Chapter 2 PaQe 6 PHYSICAL SETTING Laurentian Mixed Forest (coniferous forest) and Eastern Broadleaf Forest (deciduous forest). St. Joseph is located in the Eastern Broadleaf Forest which bridges the transition zone between a semi-arid prairie to the west and semi-humid coniferous forest to the north and east. The western boundary of the province in Minnesota is sharply defined along much of its length as an abrupt transition from forest and woodland to open grassland. The northeastern boundary is more diffuse, with a gradual transition between eastern deciduous forests and the mixed conifer- hardwood forests of northern Minnesota. ECS Sections As we begin to view the area in a smaller geographic scale, Ecological Provinces are next categorized by "Sections" which are defined by the origin of glacial deposits, regional elevation, distribution of plants and regional climate. As illustrated in Figure 2.5 on the following page, Minnesota has ten ecological sections and St. Joseph lies within the Minnesota and Northeast Iowa Morainal Section. The Minnesota and Northeast Iowa Morainal Section is a long band of deciduous forest, woodland, and prairie that stretches nearly 350 miles from Polk County to the Iowa border. The presettlement pattern of upland vegetation in this section reflects substrate texture and landform topography. These features affected plants directly through their influence on moisture and nutrient availability, insulation, and local temperature, and also indirectly through their influence on the frequency and severity of fires. 212J = Southern Superior Uplands 212K = Western Superior Uplands 212L = Northern Superior Uplands 212M = No. Mn. & Ontario Peatlands 212N = No. Mn. Drift & Lake Plains 222L = Paleozoic Plateau 222M = Mn. & NE Iowa Morainal 223N = Lake Agassiz, Aspen Parklands 251A = Red River Valley 251 B = North Central Glaciated Plains Figure 2.5 Ecological Sections of MN Source: MNDNR ECS Subsections As we drill down further in the scope of the Ecological Classification System we come to ECS Subsections. Subsections are defined by glacial deposition processes, surface bedrock formations, local climate, topographic relief, and the distribution of plants, especially trees. The area occupied by St. Joseph and the surrounding area lies within the Hardwood Hills Subsection. Steep slopes, high hills and lakes formed in glacial end moraines and outwash plains characterize this subsection. The presettlement vegetation included maple-basswood forests interspersed with oak savannas, tallgrass prairies, and oak forests. Surface glacial deposits are generally 100 to 500 feet thick. Parent material is primarily calcareous till and outwash sediments. The till is calcareous loamy sediment deposited by the last major glaciation. 2008 City of St. Joseph Comprehensive Chapter 2 Paqe 7 PHYSICAL SETTING Forces of nature impacting the area over time include fire which was important in oak savanna development, windthrow which is common in sugar maple-basswood forests and tornados and other high wind events which created natural disturbances. Much of the region is currently farmed. Where lakes are present, tourism is common. Urban expansion is common in this subsection. B. Topography St. Joseph's topography allows for a diverse array of development possibilities and options. St. Joseph's terrain is generally flat with areas of hills and conducive to urban development interspersed with areas of intrinsic natural value, including wetland communities and tree stands. These areas are of unique value to the community and function best if allowed to exist in a natural state or exist with limitations on development such that they will not be urbanized or irrevocably altered. Following are an inventory of topography, wetlands, surface/ground waters, geology/soil types and woodland/vegetation. Overall, the physical features of the City provide character to the area adding substantially to the quality of life in St. Joseph. Contour data illustrated in .1.ii1 at the close of this Chapter indicates topography within the St. Joseph area features fluctuations in elevation from about 1050 to 1150 feet above sea level. The lowest points coincide with the South Fork of the Watab River and wetland areas east of the current corporate limits adjacent to CSAH 75. Areas of steep slopes (soil classifications with greater than 12% slope) are interspersed throughout the community. Steep slope development should be carefully examined as to erosion prevention and suitability for development. Generally, the variations in the City's topography allow for a diverse array of development possibilities. C. Vegetation and Rare Species Pre-settlement vegetation is described in detail in Section II, Subdivision A (Ecological Framework) of this Chapter. Figure 2.6 below illustrates land cover existing in 1990's. A large portion of the municipal incorporated area has been developed for urban use. The second most Figure 2.6 Existing land Cover (lMIC) o Urldar",ed o OeW!klped Amas o C<lltimlad Land o G",Sldand o O",,,,,r..nd o F"",!lIed o Wal.... o Watla1lds o Rod at Paved . Unknawn o Olhllt Source: Land Management Information Center 2008 City of 51. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 2 Paqe 8 PHYSICAL SETTING common land cover is cultivated farmland which primarily surrounds the developed area. Areas of grasslands and forests exist along the Sauk River and South Fork of the Watab River corridors and in wetland areas in the northwest of the corporate limits. The Minnesota County Biological Survey completed in 1998 for Stearns County, reveals no native plant communities or rare species within the City of St. Joseph or surrounding areas. The Partch Woods Scientific and Natural Area is located four and a half miles north of St. Joseph on County Road 3 and provides a living example of a maple and basswood forest. Minnesota's Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy includes an action plan for species most in need of conservation within the Hardwood Hills Subsection of the ECS. The Hardwood Hills Subsection Profile identifies 85 SGCN known or predicted to occur within the region with 28 species that are federal or state endangered, threatened, or of special concern. Figure 2.7 below illustrates the number .of SGCN in each taxanamic graup faund or predicted to be found in the Hardwood Hills ECS Subsection. It is important to note that all species are not found within all areas of the ECS Subsection, the data indicates rather that the species habitat is conducive to harboring identified species. The Figure also illustrates the percentage of the total SGCN set found in each taxonomic group within each Subsection. For example 61 birds in greatest conservation need are expected to be found in the Hardwood Hills Subsection, that's 62.9% of all birds in greatest conservation need in the state. Figure 2.7 SGCN By Taxonomic Group Hardwood Hills ECS Subsection Amphibians 16.7% Birds 61 62.9% Fish 4 8.5% Insects 5 8.9% Mammals 6 27.3% Mollusks 4 10.3% Reptiles 3 17.6% Spiders 12.5% Species problem analysis included in the Subsection profiles provides information on factors influencing the vulnerability or decline of SGCN. Figure 2.8 lists the nine problems or factors used in species problem analysis and the percentage of SGCN in each subsection for which each factor influences species vulnerability or decline. Factors related most to species decline or vulnerability within Hardwood Hills Subsections are: habitat loss within the state; habitat 2008 City .of81.. J.oseph. Comprehensive Plan Chapter 2 PaQe9 PHYSICAL SETTING degradation within the state, habitat loss/degradation outside the state, pollution and invasive species and competition. Figure 2.8 Species Problem Analysis Hardwood Hills ECS Subsection Habitat loss within MN 86% Habitat degradation within MN 89% Habitat loss/degradation outside MN 39% Invasive species and competition 26% Pollution 31% Social tolerance/persecution/exploitation 21% Disease 5% Food source limitations 4% Other 9% The Comprehensive Wildlife Strategy includes three ten year goals as follow: 1. Stabilize and increase SGCN populations. 2. Improve knowledge about SGCN 3. Enhance people's appreciation and enjoyment of SGCN D. Soils Soils are the basic resource upon which all terrestrial life depends. Many of the environmental decisions about using a resource are based on the kind of soil and the ability of the soil to support that resource use. The characteristics of the soils in the St. Joseph area are examined in order to make proper decisions on the use of the land and to protect the natural environment. Existing soils in the City have been principally responsible for the areas historical agricultural success. However, existing soil conditions may impose limitations or increased sensitivity to urban development. Such limitations include but are not limited to erosion, drainage and water quality issues. Several factors including climate, slope/aspect of the land, soil organisms and existing materials produce soil; however, the color, texture (number of various size particles, such as sand silt, and 2008 City of St. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 2 PaQe 10 PHYSICAL SETTING clay), and chemical makeup of the soil are closely related to the color, texture, and chemistry of the parent material. Between ten and twenty thousand years ago, Minnesota was largely covered with glaciers. The materials deposited through the direct and indirect action of the glaciers provide the parent material for soils. As indicated in the following map, assembled by the University of Minnesota, parent materials in and around the St. Joseph area deposited by receding glaciers consist of glacial till (accumulations of unsorted, unstratified mixtures of clay, silt, sand, gravel and boulders) and outwash sediments (sand and gravel washed out of a glacier and deposited by meltwater streams). Figure 2.9 Soil Parent Materials . Till/Bedrock EE:] Loess . lacustrine lEI Outwash o Till To understand and communicate about soils, a standard system of classes or categories was developed. These classes are based on the presence or absence of certain soil properties. Soils can also be categorized by their location (northern versus southern soils), the kind of vegetation growing on them (forest soils versus prairie soils), their topographic position (hilltop soils versus valley soils), or other distinguishing features. The system used to classify soils based on their properties is called Soil Taxonomy and was developed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, with the help of soil scientists in universities throughout the country. In Soil Taxonomy, all soils are arranged into one of twelve major units, or soil orders. The twelve orders are defined largely on the basis of having certain kinds of diagnostic horizons or diagnostic materials. These orders are further broken down into suborders, great groups, subgroups, families, and series. Suborders within a soil order are separated on the basis of important soil properties that influence soil development and plant growth. The most important property is how wet the soil is throughout the year. As depicted in the proceeding map created by the University of Minnesota Extension Agency, the classification of soils within the St. Joseph area can be generally classified as being of either Alfisols order and Udalfs suborder or of the Entisols order and the Psamments suborder. 2008 City of St.. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 2 Paqe 11 PHYSICAL SETTING Figure 2.10 Soil Suborders of Minnesota Soil Survey Staff, D. Grigal. J. Anderson, T. Cooper Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station in cooperation ...lith the USDA Forest Service and Soil Conservation Sel"\llce Digilal Cartography byJ. Bell. P. Cameron, and J. Nelson SOil and Landscape Analysis Laboratory N A Soil Suborder legend Aqualfs Udalfs Udolls Ustolls Aquolls Aquepts Udepts Aquents Orthents Psamments Orthocls _ Hemists _ Aquerts _ Water 2008 City of 81. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 2 PaQe 12 PHYSICAL SETTING Alfisols Order: This order covers a large land area in Minnesota, part of which is now cultivated and part forested. AIf is the formative element and refers to the chemical symbols for aluminum (AI) and iron (Fe). Alfisols are primarily fertile soils of the forest, formed in loamy or clayey material. The surface layer of soil, usually light gray or brown, has less clay in it than does the subsoil. These soils are usually moist during the summer, although they may dry during occasional droughts. The Alfisols suborder Udalfs are soils of the forests. Where not cleared for cultivation, they support hardwood forests. Those in the south-central part of the state support forests dominated by sugar maple and basswood, while those in the southeast support forests dominated by oak and some hickories. Entisols Order: Soils of this order occur throughout Minnesota. The formative element here is ent which refers to recent soil. Soils developed in recent river bottom alluvium and sandy soils where the parent materials consist of weather-resistant quartz, because of insufficient time or material resistant to weathering, soil properties change very little with depth. The Entisols suborder Psamments are sandy soils. The formative element, the Greek word psammos, means sand, and refers to their dominant property. These soils, occurring both in the forested and prairie areas of the state, are predominantly formed from quartz sand. These sand grains weather very slowly, so that the result of soil formation is simply a sandy soil with little sign of development. In forested areas, these soils support jack pine and oak forests. Toward the south and west, grasses are common beneath the trees. Many of these soils are now irrigated and are very productive for a variety of agricultural crops. Soil types and proil......e..........rt........ieU......can impact suitability for urban development. For example, hydric soils as represented in_.~#i at the close of this chapter are not well-suited for urban development. Hydric soils are defined as being saturated, flooded or ponded long enough during the growing season to develop anaerobic conditions in the upper part. Hydric soils are common throughout the South Fork of the Watab River corridor, in wetland areas east of the City and south of CSAH 75 and in an area adjacent to CR 121 and Jade Road. VI. SURFACE WATER RESOURCES A. Watershed The term 'watershed' refers to the entire physical area or basin drained by a distinct stream or riverine system. Gravity and topography are the two major factors that define a watershed. Watersheds help review authorities to evaluate the quality and quantity of local water resources. St. Joseph is split between the Mississippi River - Sartell watershed and Sauk River watershed which are both located in the Upper Mississippi River Basin. According to data from the Sauk River Watershed District, the watershed consists of approximately 1,041 square miles or 667,183 acres in the western part of the Upper Mississippi River Basin. The watershed is located in parts of Douglas, Pope Meeker, Stearns and Todd Counties. The Sauk River Watershed District oversees and manages the water resources within the watershed. The Mississippi River - Sartell watershed consists of approximately 1,020 square miles or 655,616 acres lying north and Northeast of the Sauk River Watershed. The watershed is located in parts of Todd, Benton, Morrison, Crow Wing, Mille Lacs and Stearns Counties. St. Joseph, which straddles the boundary between the two watersheds, is located in the subwatersheds of Sauk River Above County Ditch No. 17 in the Sauk River Watershed and Minor Watershed District No. 7 of the Mississippi River - Sartell Watershed According to the United States Geological Service (USGS) Sauk River Above County Ditch No. 17 subwatershed is 2008 City of St. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 2 Paqe 13 PHYSICAL SETTING located south and southeast of St. Joseph and drains a total area of 16.18 square miles to the east and northeast into the Sauk River. Minor Watershed District No. 7 subwatershed is located to the north and Northwest of St. Joseph and drains an area of 28.93 square miles to the north to the Watab River. IlgJI~1 at the close of this Chapter illustrates storm/melt water drainage patterns within the City of St. Joseph. The information is useful in determining best stormwater management practices locally. Management of stormwater quality and quantity can protect and enhance surface water quality. The City has approved a stormwater management plan. B. Lakes, Rivers and Streams The South Fork of the Watab River and Sauk River are the only surface watercourses contained within the City of St. Joseph as illustrated in lIan11~. at the close of this Chapter. The DNR's Public Water Inventory classifies the South Fork of the Watab River as a Tributary River. The South Fork Watab River classification indicates flood plain ,ot..e.l..~~.on measures are mandatory. The City has flood plain management standards in place.a.:e2R at the close of this Chapter illustrates boundaries of the flood plain management overlay district. Kraemer Lake is located in St. Joseph Township west of the city limits and Rassier Lake is located north of the current city limits in St. Wendel Township. A public water wetland (a.k.a. Lake Sarah) is located just south of CSAH 2 near Interstate 94. The City has shoreland management standards in place. ~JI at the close of this Chapter illustrates shoreland overlay district boundaries. C. Wetlands Wetlands have historically been regarded as obstacles to development rather than areas of intrinsic value. However, it is now generally accepted that wetlands are valuable for storing essential surface waters, stabilizing surface waters to minimize the danger of droughts of floods and supporting wildlife habitat. Wetlands are also the primary method of recharging aquifers ensuring a continued water supply. Wetlands cleanse and purify surface water by removing nutrients and other contaminants from storm water runoff. Wetlands identified in St. Joseph are illustrated on MaaJi2.. The source for these data is the National Wetland Inventory (NWI). Several wetlands in close proximity to St. Joseph Township have been declared protected. The wetlands that exist are primarily shrub swamps, with some marshy wetlands and basin wetlands. The Army Corps of Engineers and the Department of Natural Resources are ultimately responsible for the overall protection of wetlands, however the Sauk River Watershed District and Stearns County Environmental Services are the local governmental units responsible for implementing wetland protection measures. The City's zoning ordinance requires setbacks from wetlands for certain structures. In addition, the subdivision ordinance requires identification and delineation of all wetlands. D. Flood Plains In 1969, the Minnesota Legislature enacted the State Flood Plain Management Act (Minnesota Statutes, Chapter 103F). This Act stresses the need for a comprehensive approach to solving flood problems by emphasizing nonstructural measures, such as floodplain zoning regulations, flood insurance, f1oodproofing and flood warning and response planning. By law, Minnesota 2008 City of St. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 2 PaQe 14 PHYSICAL SETTING floodprone communities are required to: 1) adopt floodplain management regulations when adequate technical information is available to identity floodplain areas, and 2) to enroll and maintain eligibility in the NFIP so that people may insure themselves from future losses through the purchase of flood insurance. The Department of Natural Resources (DNR) is the state agency with the overall responsibility for implementation of the State Flood Plain Management Act. The Flood Emergency Management Association (FEMA) has issued a flood hazard boundary map for the St. Joseph area. The floodplain areas within the City are shown on .~, located at the close of this Chapter. These areas are located along the South Fork of the Watab River in the northwestern part of the City and the Sauk River in the southwestern part of the City. As previously indicated, the City regulates floodplain areas through a locally established floodplain ordinance. The floodplain management ordinance was approved prior to 2005 when the MnDNR developed more precise floodplain management ordinance samples. Therefore, the City should consider updating the floodplain ordinance. E. Local Hydrologic Cycle Groundwater and surface water are both part of the "hydrologic cycle". Development has a profound influence on the quality of waters. To start, development dramatically alters the local hydrologic cycle (see Figure 2.11 below). The hydrology of a site changes during the initial clearing and grading that occur during construction. Trees, meadow grasses, and agricultural crops that intercept and absorb rainfall are removed and natural depressions that temporarily pond water are graded to a uniform slope. Cleared and graded sites erode, are often severely compacted, and can no longer prevent rainfall from being rapidly converted into stormwater runoff. Figure 2.11 Local Hydrologic Cycle (MnDNR) Before Construction Interflow Baseflow After Construction The situation worsens after construction. Roof tops, roads, parking lots, driveways and other impervious surfaces no longer allow rainfall to soak into the ground. Consequently, most rainfall is converted directly to runoff. The increase in stormwater can be too much for the existing natural drainage system to handle. As a result, the natural drainage system is often altered to rapidly collect runoff and quickly convey it away (using curb and gutter, enclosed storm sewers, and lined channels). The stormwater runoff is subsequently discharged to downstream waters. 2008 City of 81. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 2 Pa~e 15 PHYSICAL SETTING Water Quality is affected by the accumulation of trash, oil and rubber from cars, fertilizers and pesticides applied to lawns, sediment from bare or poorly vegetated ground and other pollutants entering streams, wetlands and other outlets. Inflow of sediment can cloud water, blocking sunlight from submerged plants. Sediment also settles to the bottom of streams, clogging the gravel beds used by fish for laying their eggs. Nutrients, such as phosphorus and nitrogen, from fertilizers enter the water and promote unusually rapid algae growth. As this algae dies, its decomposition reduces or eliminates oxygen needed by fish, shellfish, and other aquatic life for survival. This City has an approved stormwater management plan in place and funds stormwater infrastructure through a stormwater utility. The City requires proposed development maintain compliance with Minnesota Pollution Control Agency standards and has established local stormwater/erosion control measures. VII. GROUND WATER RESOURCES A. Geologic Framework Subsurface geology and groundwater are important considerations for all communities as they are the source of potable (Le. drinkable) water. Hydrogeology is the study of the interrelation of subsurface geology and water. Because the consequences of human actions and forces at work above ground have a direct impact upon our ground water resources it is important to consider hydrogeologic resources. Map 2-6 at the close of this Chapter illustrates bedrock geology in the St. Joseph area. Bedrock material differs from cretaceous rock to granite to quartz. Bedrock geology is an important consideration in determining groundwater properties. In addition, bedrock which is close to the surface or exposed can produce severe limitations to urban development. Topography and surficial geologic material characteristics can be traced to the movement of glacial ice and water flowing across the land surface. Glacial deposits, collectively known as drift, make up these surficial materials. Ground moraines formed as these glaciers advanced and retreated. Long intervals between glacial episodes may have allowed for the deep erosion and weathering of drift and bedrock surfaces. Ground waters in St. Joseph primarily flow from north to south. Glaciation left behind buried sand and gravel areas below ground level. The deposits range in depth from 10 - 110 feet and form areas of generally low relief. These deposits are often the location of groundwater used for domestic purposes. According to the City Engineer, most wells are supplied by a surficial aquifer at a depth of about 70 feet. Groundwater quality is generally good, however, it is high in iron and manganese. Groundwater in the area is generally thought to be free from contamination. B. Groundwater Sensitivity Hydrogeologic conditions also determine how sensitive ground water may be to contamination by chemicals and pollutants introduced at ground level. Sensitivity to pollution is described in terms of the length of time it takes for a drop of water to cycle from absorption into the ground to discharge (removal) from an aquifer. The pollution sensitivity of an aquifer is assumed to be inversely proportional to the time of travel: shorter cycle times may indicate a higher sensitivity, longer cycle times may represent a greater travel time and increased geologic protection. Contaminants are assumed to travel at the same rate as water. There are four pollution sensitivity categories: Very High, High, Moderate, and Low. The pollution sensitivity of an aquifer is assumed to be inversely proportional to the time of travel. Very High 2008 City of St. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 2 PaQe 16 PHYSICAL SETTING sensitivity indicates that water moving downward from the surface may reach the ground-water system within hours to months leaving little time to respond to and prevent aquifer contamination. Low sensitivity where it takes decades to centuries for the cycle to be complete may allow enough time for a surface contamination source to be investigated and corrected before serious ground-water pollution develops. It is important to note higher pollution sensitivity categories do not mean water quality has been or will be degraded and low sensitivity does not guarantee that ground water is or will remain uncontaminated. fll~;I:I+tl at the close of this Chapter illustrates groundwater sensitivity in the St. Joseph area. Groundwater sensitivity in the St. Joseph area and most of eastern Stearns County is categorized as highest susceptibility according to the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency report on Groundwater Contamination Susceptibility in Minnesota from 1989. C. Groundwater Quantity. The quantity of groundwater and surface water available for drinking water supplies can be a severely limiting factor for development. The Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Waters Division has compiled extensive information on groundwater availability and sustainability throughout the State. The DNR has identified six groundwater areas in Minnesota based on bedrock and overlaying sediment types. St. Joseph is located within Area Four as is most of Stearns County except for small areas of Area 6 which follow the Sauk and Mississippi Rivers south and east of St. Joseph. The continued availability of groundwater is listed as 'good' within areas of surficial sands, moderate in areas of buried sands and limited in areas of bedrock. Since Area 4 ground water supports lakes, wetlands, and streams, the DNR states the continuing pumping of groundwater may deplete these resources. D. City Water Supply The City is working to complete a wellhead protection plan (WHPP). Generally the City's water source is of good quality and but somewhat vulnerable to potential contamination. The WHPP will include the following elements as required by the Minnesota Department of Health. 1. The delineation of the wellhead protection area and the drinking water supply management area. 2. An assessment of the vulnerability of the drinking water supply management area. 3. A review of expected changes to the physical environment, land use and surface and ground water sources. 4. A plan for the management of the wellhead protection area. 5. A plan to monitor the adequacy of wellhead protection measures and a plan to implement the wellhead protection plan. The Minnesota Pollution Control Agency reports thirteen (13) confirmed instances of gas, diesel, fuel oil, etc. leaking from above/underground storage tanks since 1989. Figure 2.12 on the following page identifies each site. Some sites have contaminated soils remaining. Detailed information related to each site and contamination can be obtained from the MPCA. 2008 Cityof St. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 2 PaQe 17 PHYSICAL SETTING Figure 2.12 MPCA Confirmed Leaking Above/Underground Storage Tanks Barb Porter Site Fuel Oil 1 & 2 1989 1996 No Former Chevrolet Dealer Fuel Oil1 & 2 1989 1990 No Munici al Wells #1 & #2 Unknown T e 1991 1994 Unknown Stueves Gara e Inc. Gasoline, Unknown T e 1991 1996 Yes Great Plains Su I. Fuel Oil 1 & 2 1992 1993 Yes Hollander Mobil Gasoline Unleaded 1993 1995 Unknown Jr's Mobil & Radiator Unknown 1994 2000 Unknown Krebsbach Oil Co. Diesel 1995 1995 No Former Philli s 66 Station Gasoline, T e Unknown 1997 1998 Yes Amcon Diesel 1998 1991 Unknown Scherer T ruckin Diesel 1998 1999 Some Hamilton Residence Fuel Oil 1 & 2 1998 1998 Unknown Former Tom Thumb Store Gasoline, T e Unknown 2001 2002 Unknown VIII. HAZARDOUS WASTE MATERIALS, AIR, NOISE AND LIGHT POLLUTION A. Hazardous Waste. Hazardous waste is any by-product that may pose or potentially pose a substantial hazard to human health or the environment if not properly managed. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regulates specific facilities that handle hazard waste materials. The EPA has registered several local handlers of hazardous materials. The location of the hazardous materials handlers are represented in Figure 2.13. D ..~ v - B. Air Pollution. r ..----[ / ;. r' . (-0 . ':;- ~ Air, noise and light pollution are significant and sometimes forgotten issues of importance for communities. For example, air pollution is increasingly a regional and global problem. Pollutants can blow in from cities hundreds of miles away. The Environmental Protection Agency certifies all counties in Minnesota meet Clean Air Act National Ambient Air Quality Standards. The Minnesota Pollution Control Agency has developed an air quality map for the entire state of Minnesota. The map is represented in Figure 2.14 on the following page. Figure 2.14 gives air quality in Stearns County a grade of 'D'. The MPCA conducted an extensive air toxic monitoring study from 1996 to 2001. Stearns County was included in the north central study region. A test station in 51. Cloud was the closest point to 51. Joseph. The Minnesota Statewide Air Toxics Monitoring Study measured 73 air toxins that are known or suspected carcinogens. The average concentrations of the air toxics were compared to health benchmarks. Overall the S1. Cloud test site rated healthy quality of air. 2008 City of St. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 2 PaQe 18 PHYSICAL SETTING C. Noise and Light Pollution. . D . Residents have historically indicated that they wished to retain the small town atmosphere of the community. They value the peace and tranquility of City and the area. Visual pollution from light and noise pollution detract from the small town atmosphere. Lighting should not detract from the enjoyment of the residents and blinking, flashing and bright lights are a nuisance and can easily be controlled through modern advances in lighting which reduce glare and concentrate lighting on-site. Not only can good lighting design and devices control light pollution, they also are more cost efficient and energy efficient. Furthermore, commercial and industrial lighting should not detract from residential uses. Noise ordinances can ensure that noises do not cause nuisances to residents as well. IX. ARCHEOLOGICAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES; KNOWN HISTORIC SITES A. Archeological and Cultural Resources. The history of a City helps a community define its sense of "place". Historic patterns of development, to a large measure, dictate where a community will grow in the future. History also gives us a window to view the lives of our forbearers and a mirror to reflect their images in our own endeavors. As time progresses, St. Joseph may face the loss of truly non-renewable resources. These resources are the archaeological and historic sites that give the City's modern day residents a tie to the past. Cultural resources may be demolished or destroyed while others face the natural elements and slowly erode away, some without any knowledge. Fortunately a detailed inventory of significant historic sites was conducted by MnDOT Cultural Resources in conjunction with a corridor study for a potential 2008 City of St. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 2 PaQe19 PHYSICAL SETTING southern easUwest collector street. I~JJEII illustrates findings of potential cultural resources as defined by MnDOT in a report entitled, "Phase I and /I Architectural History Evaluation for the Field Street Corridor Alianment." Like all cultural resources, widespread knowledge of archaeological sites can increase the likelihood that they too will be disturbed or vandalized. Development and modernization require the need for preservation of archaeologically significant sites. Because the known, or suspected, historic resources may have no significant relationship to current or likely future uses or activities in St. Joseph, it is questionable if they will playa role in determining or affecting the City's character. However, State guidelines call for municipalities to review construction or other ground disturbing activity within prehistoric archaeological sensitive areas. The OSA and MnDOT have produced "Mn/Model" Minnesota's Statewide Archeological Predictive Model. The Model categorizes most of Stearns County within the St. Joseph area as having low archaeological potential, however, areas along both Sauk River and South Fork of the Watab River are shown to have high archaeological potential. Site potential is based upon statistical relationships between known sites and environmental factors and information can be obtained from the Office of the State Archaeologist, MnDOT and the State Historic Preservation Office. B. Known Historic Sites. The ecclesiastical community within St. Joseph features several historical sites, in addition several commercial buildings and dwellings within the original townsite date back to the late 1800's to early 1900's. One threat to these resources is that their significance, or even their existence, is largely unknown. For example, in an email response, renown landscape researcher, Carole S. Zellie, a Principal of Landscape Research LLC noted one block of Minnesota Street ft. . . is like one big 'advertising sign' for St. Joseph and the community's understanding of its core, which includes one National Register building (the bank) and faces a very large district (including the church, rectory, convent, and college buildings)." Proactively working to restore and retain recoverable facades and the spatial relationship between structures will be important factors in retaining a sense of history and community character within St. Joseph. Figure 2.17 includes a listing of places within St. Joseph which are included on the National Register of Historic Places. Figure 2.17 National Register of Historic Places Within St. Joseph St. Benedict's Convent and College Historic District College Ave & Minnesota St. 1989 Church of St. Joseph - Catholic College Ave & Minnesota St. 1982 First State Bank 23 Minnesota St. W. 1982 2008 City of St.. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 2 PaQe 20 PHYSICAL SETTING x. DEVELOPMENT CONSTRAINTS A review of several potentially significant or potentially sensitive environmental features have been examined within this Chapter, including but not limited to: native vegetation, species in greatest conservation need, soils, surface waters, wetlands, flood prone areas, groundwater, air quality and potential archeological sites. Those items and more may reasonably warrant special attention and may present special consideration for future development. Several of these significant natural features/areas exist in areas of change or growth within the City. IIIJIIj identifies potential areas where very close examination and consideration regarding future development or redevelopment is warranted. EI",,':'III should be used as a tool to spur additional thorough and thoughtful planning, review and consideration, but not as a tool for completely prohibiting development in all identified areas. 2008 City of 81. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter2 PaQe 21 PHYSICAL SETTING XI. NATURAL RESOURCES GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES GOAL #1: RETAIN QUALITY OF LIFE INHERENT IN THE QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF NATURAL RESOURCES. Objective A: To the extent possible establish a balance between promoting, protecting, enhancing and preserving natural and physical features (including, but not limited to, woodlands, wetlands, soils, steep slopes, surface waters, groundwater) while managing requests for development and redevelopment. Policy/Recommendations: 1. The City should encourage efforts to preserve wildlife species including preservation of natural habitat areas and pre-settlement (native) vegetative communities where feasible. 2. The City should encourage the use of natural resource data/studies for planning and review of development and redevelopment such as soils, topography, groundwater etc. 3. The City should require continual compliance with approved subdivision grading and drainage plans and make sure such approvals are maintained. 4. The City should carefully regulate development in areas adjacent to shorelands, wetlands and floodprone areas to preserve these as environmentally significant and visually attractive amenities. 5. The City should encourage development to conform to the natural limitations presented by topography, soils or other natural conditions. 6. The City should identify and protect significant scenic areas, open spaces, historic or archaeological sites and emphasize proper management of open space areas in order to preserve trees, wildlife, pre-settlement (native) landscape communities, floodplain, water quality and similar environmentally sensitive features. 7. The City should update the floodplain management ordinance to reflect model ordinances created by MnDNR in 2005. 8. The City should investigate the establishment of 'buffer zones' adjacent to high value wetlands. The buffer zones should be kept in a natural state. 9. The City should consider revising shoreland standards to reflect some alternative shoreland standards implemented in several North Central Minnesota Counties. 2008 City of 81. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 2 PaQe 22 PHYSICALSETTING Objective B: Protect the quality and use of surface water through support and coordination with the County SWCD, watershed organizations and state and federal agencies. Policy/Recommendations: 1. The City should encourage and promote land use practices to protect and improve surface water resources. 2. The City should require appropriate erosion controls during construction and consider enforcing through developer's agreements and/or onsite inspections. 3. The City should establish a priority listing of environmentally significant or sensitive areas to monitor, preserve, enhance and/or protect. 4. The City should evaluate the impact of stormwater runoff on surface water in the City and respective growth areas and encourage the development of management tools. 5. The City should support the coordination of planning and implementation efforts between the SRWD, watershed organizations, land & resource management offices as well as state and federal agencies. Objective C: Preserve the environment as a sustainable resource. Policy/Recommendations: 1. The City should coordinate plans and work with all agencies responsible for the protection and restoration of our environment. 2. The City should administer and support the state environmental review program (EAW, EIS). 3. The City should initiate plans to correct any and all abuses and preserve areas critical to the City's way of life. 4. The City should encourage tree planting on private property within the City and reexamine a tree preservation and replacement ordinance as a part of the Zoning Ordinance to protect valuable trees in areas which will be developed in the future. 5. The City should examine specific requirements for environmental protection that may be incorporated into the City's Subdivision regulations such as identification of existing trees of a substantial size as part of the preliminary plat required data. 6. The City should consider amending local controls to provide for 'green' development concepts. 2008 City of St. Joseph ComprehenSive Plan Chapter 2 PaQe 23 PHYSICAL SETTING GOAL #2: WIDESPREAD KNOWLEDGE AND APPRECIATION OF NATURAL RESOURCE ISSUES. Objective A: Educate the community about its natural resource assets and encourage them to think about their use and impact on the natural resources of the community and greater areas. Policy/Recommendations: 1. The City should maintain a current list of persons to contact at various local, state and federal agencies which are responsible for protecting the environment. 2. The City should distribute new information relating to environmental regulations to all policy makers and elected officials as it becomes available and to the public through the City newsletter. 3. The City should promote environmental stewardship including reducing, recovering and recycling waste materials. 4. The City should maintain data that reflects the economic benefits of natural resource preservation to the local economy. 5. The City should proactively build an appreciation for environmentally sensitive or significant areas within the community. 6. The City should seek opportunities, such as conferences and publications to learn about emerging issues regarding the environment and provide training for elected and appointed officials to assist them in dealing with the complexities of environmental issues. 2008 City of St. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 2 PaQe 24 DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS.& ASSUMPTIONS DEMO -~, Analyzing future land use, housing, park, governmental, utility, and transportation needs of the City requires a basic review of demographic and social trends so as to develop assumptions for future growth. Demographic and social trends may lead to adjustments in future planning. For example, the general aging of the population (Le. Baby Boomer's) will alter housing needs, workforce characteristics and park and recreation needs. Conversely, if a community is receiving an influx of young couples demands will likely be for starter housing, new educational facilities and active parks. The Information contained in this Chapter has been obtained through statistical data released by the United States Census Bureau, the State Demographer's Office, Stearns County and City of St Joseph historical and current trend analysis, including building permit activity. I. PURPOSE II. SOCIAL PROFILE SUMMARY PHICS OOMERS IN THE There are. 768 Million Baby Boomers (people born between 1946 & 1964) Every day 7,918Boomers turn age 60. that's 330 every houri Source: us Census Bureau · The State Demographics Office calculated the City of St Joseph population of 5,873 in 2006 (1,661 households) an increase from 4,681 (1,120 households) in 2000, representing a 25% increase over the six-year period. The 2006 Mn. Demographer's estimate is the most current official data available regarding population and households. · The average household size in 2006 was 2.56 significantly lower than the 2000 Census calculation of 2.74 persons per household. Comparatively, in 2006 the Mn. Demographer's Office reported an average household size of 2.71 in St. Joseph Township, 2.55 in Stearns County and 2.47 statewide. Estimates for St. Joseph Township, Stearns County and statewide are all lower than what was reported in the 2000 Census (Le. 2.90; 2.62; 2.52 respectively). 2008 City of St. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 3 Page 1 DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS & ASSUMPTIONS . City building permit activity trend analysis illustrates a fluctuation in the number of new single-family residential units constructed annually over the past five years, with significant increases in 2001 and 2002. . Age distribution statistics indicate the City of St Joseph has a comparatively young populace, with a median age of 21.8 years (2000 Census) likely due to the presence of the College of St. Benedict and St. John's University. The median age in St. Joseph Township jumps to 32.8 with the County's median age coming in at 31.6 years. The largest age groups in St Joseph are the 20 to 24 years and 15 to 19 years at 29.2% and 18.0% of the total population respectively. The median age in the U.S. in 2000 was 35.3 years which was very similar to Minnesota's median age at 35.4 years. Stearns County had the fourth youngest median age in the state in 2000, following Blue Earth (29.9), Sherburne (31.4) and Beltrami (31.5). . The presence of the College of St. Benedict greatly impacts age distribution within the City as evidenced by a 2001 Admissions Office report of 2000 students with an estimated 81% living on campus and a majority of their students considered "traditional students" or those enrolling immediately following completion of high school. . Census 2000 information identifies a gender distribution of 68.3% female to 31.7% male, illustrating a much higher female to male ratio than the county (49.7% to 50.3%), state (50.5% to 49.5% and nation (50.9% to 49.1 %). This is due to the presence of the College of St. Benedicts within the City. . Census 2000 household profile information reports 408 non- family households (36.4%) and 712 family households (63.6%). In comparison, 32.5% of households in Stearns County are non-family households while 67.5% are family households. . Nearly three-fourths of housing units (73.8%) within Stearns County are owner-occupied. This is similar to the City of St. Joseph where 73.1 % of the housing units are owner- occupied. . The Minnesota Work Force Center estimated 83,992 people in the labor force in Stearns County in 2007, with 80,805 employed, resulting in a 3.8% unemployment rate. During this same time period Minnesota had an unemployment rate of 4.1 % and the United States unemployment rate was 4.4%. Future job growth over the next ten years in Central Minnesota is predicted to be 18.6%. The U.S. is projected to change 11.9% over the next ten years. 2008 City of St. Joseph Comprehensive Plan ST. JOSEPH AT A GLANCE Population ~ And Households Median Age 22 Gender More Females '" Income: $ 1f4, 500 Household Occupancy Type 73% Chapter 3 Page 2 DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS &.ASSUMPTIONS · The State Demographic Office estimates a 20% increase in projected employment for Stearns County for the period 2005-2030, with the largest percentage growth occurring in the 65+ years labor pool (163.6%). More females than males are expected to enter the workforce. · The Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Section 8 Income Guidelines places the 2008 Median Family Income (based on 4 persons) in the St. Cloud Metropolitan Statistical Area $64,500. III. POPULATION GROWTH - HISTORICAL & FUTURE PROJECTIONS Census data demonstrates a continued increase in St Joseph's population over the past 40 years. The following table illustrates growth trends in St Joseph as compared to St. Joseph Township and the County as a whole. TABLE 3-1 HISTORICAL POPULATION COMPARISON 1,922 2,916 51.7% 2,567 -12.0% 2,449 -4.8% 5,873 25.4% 2,139 -14.5% Source: U.S. Census; Minnesota State Demographer's Office 8.5% St Joseph experienced significant growth between 1970 and 1980 (67.7% increase). The growth slowed between 1980 and 1990 and again increased from 1990 to 2000. The trend for slower growth between 1980 and 1990 also occurred in Stearns County. Table 3-2, below, illustrates that while the City and County are both growing in population, the population of St Joseph as a percent of the total county population has been increasing over the past thirty years from 1.87% to 4.07%. St. Joseph Township has been decreasing in population since 1980. TABLE 3-2 POPULATION TRENDS: CITY AND COUNTY 2,994 108,161 3,294 118,791 4,681 133,166 5,873 144,096 2.77% 2.77% 3.52% 4.07% As indicated in the following Table the State Demographers Office forecasts the population of Stearns County will increase 8.2% over the next 20 years or from 133,166 (the 2000 Census population) to a 2020 estimated population of 144,050. Please note the actual 2000 Census figures were slightly below 2008 City of St. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 3 Page 3 DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS & ASSUMPTIONS the 2000 projections. It is important to note the significant increase in population in the 50+-year-old groups while only slight increases in the 0-19 year old age groups since such trends can impact land use, housing, transportation and park planning efforts. For example, an aging population combined with people living longer may lead to consideration of transit options, more passive park and recreation options, and elderly housing options. TABLE 3-3 STEARNS COUNTY: POPULATION PROJECTIONS BY AGE GROUP Total 144,204 154,220 164,430 173,520 181,760 188,760 194,490 0-4 Male 4,560 5,320 5,880 6,090 6,010 5,950 6,030 0-4 Female 4,331 5,080 5,610 5,810 5,740 5,680 5,750 5-9 Male 4,362 4,750 5,420 5,880 6,050 5,990 5,930 5-9 Female 4,223 4,510 5,180 5,610 5,770 5,720 5,660 10-14 Male 4,739 4,490 4,860 5,460 5,860 6,020 5,960 10-14 Female 4,502 4,330 4,620 5,210 5,590 5,750 5,690 15-19 Male 6,246 5,520 5,210 5,580 6,120 6,420 6,560 15-19 Female 6,284 5,800 5,530 5,860 6,410 6,650 6,790 20.24 Male 8,985 8,990 8,460 7,900 8,350 8,680 8,980 20-24 Female 8,435 8,370 8,000 7,520 7,900 8,270 8,510 25-29 Male 5,856 7,450 7,500 7,080 6,580 6,940 7,170 25-29 Female 5,315 6,820 6,850 6,540 6,110 6,440 6,680 30.34 Male 4,510 5,390 6,660 6,690 6,350 5,920 6,190 30-34 Female 4,089 4,810 5,990 6,020 5,760 5,400 5,650 35-39 Male 4,877 4,760 5,480 6,590 6,620 6,340 5,900 35-39 Female 4,598 4,220 4,790 5,820 5,850 5,630 5,260 40-44 Male 5,404 4,760 4,620 5,200 6,180 6,230 5,980 40-44 Female 5,089 4,680 4,300 4,780 5,720 5,780 5,570 45-49 Male 5,258 5,360 4,730 4,560 5,080 6,010 6,060 45-49 Female 5,155 5,080 4,660 4,270 4,700 5,600 5,660 50-54 Male 4,502 5,350 5,450 4,820 4,640 5,120 6,020 50-54 Female 4,400 5,160 5,110 4,660 4,290 4,670 5,520 55-59 Male 3,600 4,440 5,270 5,360 4,750 4,570 5,030 55-59 Female 3,432 4,270 5,010 4,960 4,520 4,170 4,530 60-64 Male 2,414 3,560 4,380 5,180 5,270 4,690 4,520 60.64 Female 2,559 3,550 4,390 5,130 5,080 4,630 4,280 65-69 Male 1,999 2,350 3,450 4,230 5,000 5,110 4,560 65-69 Female 2,231 2,510 3,480 2,290 5,010 4,970 4,540 70-74 Male 1,840 1,790 2,130 3,120 3,840 4,570 4,700 70-74 Female 2,041 2,070 2,350 3,260 4,020 4,710 4,700 75-79 Male 1,432 1,620 1,610 1,930 2,830 3,510 4,200 75-79 Female 1,880 1,910 1,970 2,260 3,130 3,860 4,540 80.84 Male 1,044 1,050 1.200 1,220 1,500 2,220 2,790 2008 City of St. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 3 Page 4 DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS & ASSUMPTIONS 80-84 Female 1,417 1,530 1,580 1,650 1,920 85+ Male 845 880 940 1,080 1,180 85+ Female 1,749 1,670 1,780 1,900 2,060 Note: Due to rounding, the number of people in age groups by year may not add up to the total. The 2007 data is a Minnesota State Demographic Center estimate that was used to create the population projections through 2035. 2,690 1,440 2,400 3,330 2,060 3,180 IV. HOUSEHOLD GROWTH Various data sources can be reviewed to provide a profile of the households in St Joseph. The State Demographer's Office, 1990 and 2000 Census data indicates the number of households within the City increased 47% over the past decade from 759 in 1990 to 1,120 in 2000. In 2006, the average household size continues to shrink with reports showing 2.56 persons per household. The average household sizes, reported in the State Demographics Office in St. Joseph Township were 2.71, Stearns County 2.55 and Minnesota 2.47, all lower than what was reported in the 2000 Census (2.90; 2.62; 2.52 respectively). As illustrated in Table 3-4 on the following page, residential new construction has fluctuated since the year 2000. New home building activity reflects trends state and nationwide with considerable growth between 2003 and 2005 and a distinct slowdown since that point. TABLE 3-4 BUILDING PERMITS - NEW HOUSING 25 $4,267,241 85 $11,424,966 156 $18,557,353 78 $10,379,849 108 $13,509,459 58 $7,052,940 54 $6,040,500 2000 23 $2,361,120 Source: City of St Joseph Building Permit Records Continued moderate household growth within the City is expected over the next two decades. As indicated in the following tables (3-5 and 3-6), the State Demographer's Office anticipates the number of households within Stearns County to increase from 53,306 households to 73,370 or 37.6% over the next 25 years, with the largest increase in the number of individuals 65+ years old, living alone (an 80.4% increase) and with a decline is householders 15-24 by 9.6%. The larger number of non-family households, living alone (104%) is largely due to the collage facility in St. Joseph. 2008 City of St. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 3 Page 5 DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS & ASSUMPTIONS TABLE 3-5 STEARNS COUNTY HOUSEHOLD PROJECTIONS 13,010 14,531 14,690 14,920 15,590 15,960 16,120 23.9% 4,680 2,003 2,250 2,450 2,490 2,640 2,880 -62.5% 2,550 4,112 4,550 4,940 5,070 5,200 5,340 47% 9,870 13,125 14,450 15,850 17,130 18,560 20,180 104% 4,330 4,520 4,650 5,160 6,120 7,470 8,950 48% 4,050 4,480 4,670 4,630 4,560 4,640 4,880 20% 43,500 53,306 57,690 61,770 65,770 69,550 73,370 80.4% Source: MN State Demographer's Center 2007 ; 1990 Census TABLE 3-6 STEARNS COUNTY HOUSEHOLD PROJECTIONS 20,472 21,710 23,270 23,690 24,970 24,630 20% 17,697 20,800 21,990 21,910 22,520 23,820 34.5% Source: MN State Demographer's Center 2007 10,101 10,490 12,120 14,790 18,230 21,520 113% V. CITY OF ST JOSEPH POPULATION AND HOUSEHOLD PROJECTION ASSUMPTIONS All population projections are subject to some degree of uncertainty, because it is impossible to exactly predict future trends, particularly the future level of migration. There is always a greater difficulty in deriving population projections for small geographic areas because small geographic areas can be more likely to exhibit short-term variations. In particular population estimates and projections for small areas are extremely difficult because of the influence of in and out migration of population, annexation, land availability, zoning, infrastructure availability, and other factors that have a large impact at the local level. It is understood the nature of the City's future with respect to economic development and housing, agricultural, retail, commercial, and industrial market potentials depends to a great extent on the population growth that may take place in the coming years (i.e. population projections). Projections are estimates of future populations based on statistical models that extrapolate past and present trends into the future. The confidence with which future market situations may be assessed is closely related to the quality of the population projections employed. As such, the provision of high quality projections has been a basic aim for this report and for support of community and/or municipal service policy development. 2008 City of St. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 3 Page 6 DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS & ASSUMPTIONS To maintain consistency with long-range area wastewater treatment planning, this report will rely on projections developed by Black & Veatch Corporation, Consulting Engineers which have been employed in the S1. Cloud Area Wastewater Treatment Plant Facilities Plan. The projections are illustrated in Table 3-7 below, however, the projections are not intended as an exact prediction of future population; therefore, users of the projections should keep these limitations in mind and interpret them accordingly. TABLE 3-7 ST. JOSEPH POPULATION AND HOUSEHOLD PROJECTIONS 3,171 3,991 5,003 5,433 15,753 6,154 Source: Population forecast St Cloud Area Wastewater Treatment Plant Facilities Plan Personslhousehold = 2.56 (2006 MN. Demographer's estimate) VI. ST JOSEPH POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS Household/Familv TVDe While only 2.8% of all Minnesotans lived in group quarters in 2000, 34.5% of S1. Joseph residents lived in group quarters. The vast majority of those living in group quarters lived in "non-institutionalized housing" (Le. apartments and dormitories at the College of 51. Benedict), while 22 residents (0.5%) lived in nursing home facilities. The large number of persons in group quarters is indicative of the impact the College and its students, employees and visitors have on the community. Of the 1,120 households within 51. Joseph, 2000 U. S. Census data indicates a higher percent of family households (63.6%) than non-family households (36.4%) within the City of St Joseph. The higher percent of family households indicates a core of traditional families (e.g. married with children) within the community. TABLE 3-8 HOUSEHOLDS - ST JOSEPH AND GREATER ST JOSEPH AREA: 2000; 2006 Source: 2000 Census; Minnesota State Demographer's Office The relatively large number of non-family households is attributed to a large student population, the migration of single adults to the community for employment opportunities in the area, and elderly living alone. As per the 2000 Census, 238 (58.3%) of the 408 non-family households are people living alone. As depicted in the following Table, 2000 statistics indicate 540 or 48.2% of all households and 75.8% of all familv households consist of married couple households. Children 18 years and under reside in 38.2% of all family households. In the state of Minnesota, in 2000, 53.7% of all households were married couples, a decrease from 57.2% in 1990. Family type characteristics can impact demand for school facilities, park features and social services. 2008 City of 81. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 3 Page 7 DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS &.ASSUMPTIONS TABLE 3-9 FAMILIES BY PRESENCE OF CHILDREN & FAMILY TYPE CITY OF ST. JOSEPH 2000 1,120 712 398 (55.9% of all Family Households) 540 (75.8% of all Family Households) 272 (50.4% of Married Couple;Fam. Hhlds and 38.2% of all Family Households) 98 (13.8% of all Family Households) AQe It is beneficial to examine age groupings within the community in terms of both the change of age group distribution over a comparative period (i.e. from Census 1990 to Census 2000) and the following of age cohorts over a comparative period (i.e. from Census 1990 to Census 2000). Age groupings can provide useful and thought provoking information regarding age ranges and changes, whereas, age cohort comparisons can help explain why age ranges have changed over time. Table 3-10 on the following page compares age groupings in 2000 and 1990 within the City of ST. Joseph. The majority of St Joseph's population is concentrated between the ages of 20 and 44. The volume of young adults within the community likely reflects the presence of the College but also the type of home-buyers attracted to housing options available within the City (i.e. new single family starter homes). From 1900 to 2000, the percent of residents nine years old and under and 10-19 years of age decreased slightly from 37.1 % of the population to 30.6% of the population, while the population of 20-24 year olds increased slightly. The percent of individuals 60-74 years and over remained relatively stable from 1990 to 2000. The 2000 median age was 21.8 years. Table 3-10 on the following page also illustrates age cohorts comparison from 1990 to 2000. This comparison helps us to look at the changes in a group (cohort) as it ages over time, for example, we are comparing the 40 to 49 year olds of 1990 as they age over time and become the 50 to 59 year olds of 2000. This provides a different picture of what is happening in an area. Examination of age cohorts reveals St. Joseph is gaining a very significant amount of children who were between newborn and 19 years of age in 1990. This likely reflects younger couples with children or growing households locating in the community. The City is maintaining its share of those aged 25 to 44 in 1990 and attracting additional persons who were aged 60 to 65 in 1990. On the other hand, the City is experiencing a significant net loss of persons aged 20 to 24 in 1990 and those aged 65+ in 1990. The net loss indicates a lack of opportunity for young adults within the community and the potential demand for additional housing options for the elderly. 2008 City of St. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 3 Page 8 DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS .&ASSUMPTIONS TABLE 3-10 ST JOSEPH AGE GROUP DISTRIBUTION 371 11.3 327 7.1 371 11.3 1078 23.5 851 25.8 1078 23.5 851 25.8 1368 29.8 842 25.6 1368 29.8 842 25.6 472 10.3 334 10.1 472 10.3 334 10.1 457 10.0 262 7.9 457 10.0 262 7.9 286 6.3 174 5.3 286 6.3 174 5.3 101 2.2 100 3.0 101 2.2 100 3.0 101 2.2 76 2.3 101 2.2 76 2.3 204 4.4 150 4.6 204 4.4 150 4.6 142 3.0 111 3.4 142 3.0 111 3.4 55 1.2 23 .7 55 1.2 23 .7 3,294 100.0 4,591 100.0 3,294 100.0 4,591 100.0 Source: U.S. Census- 1990 and 2000 Gender As defined in the latest Census, in 2000 there were 1,715 more females (68.3% of the population) than males (31.7% of the population) residing in St Joseph. The distribution ratio is similar to that defined in the 1990 Census which reported a 34.4% male to 65.6% female ratio. The female/male population discrepancy is attributed to the existence of the College of St. Benedicts, which has only female students. The Admissions Office indicated that the enrollment for 2001 was 2000. While the College of St. John's (men's college) is in close proximity to the City, the college has indicated that approximately 82% of its students live on-campus while the remaining 18% may reside in the City of St. Joseph or in neighboring areas. Education St. Joseph is a part of School District 742, which now includes the communities of St Joseph, Waite Park, St. Cloud and the surrounding area. Educational facilities include: 11 elementary schools, two junior high schools, two high schools and three alternative schools. One elementary school, Kennedy Elementary, is within St. Joseph's corporate limits. Kennedy elementary is being relocated to the southeastern portion of the City. The school district has purchased property adequate to house middle and high school facilities at the same site. According to the 2000 Census, there were 1,789 people in St. Joseph 25 years and younger. Of these, 90.3% graduated from high school. In addition, 17.1% or 306 individuals of the 1,789 obtained bachelors degrees and 11.6% or 208 individuals obtained graduate or professional degrees. Of those not graduating from high school, 5.3% (95) completed less than 9 years of education and 4.4% (79) completed between 9 and 12 years of education but did not obtain a diploma. VII. EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS Employment statistics from the 2000 Census indicates a workforce in St. Joseph of 2,729. A total of 2,585 of the workforce (over the age of sixteen) were employed, with a majority in sales and office positions (35.4%) followed by management, professional and related occupations (26%), service occupations (18.6%), construction, extraction and maintenance occupations (7.1 %) and farming, fishing and forestry occupations (.6%). As illustrated in Table 3-11, major employers within St Joseph include 2008 City of St. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 3 Page 9 DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS & ASSUMPTIONS educational and religious facilities such as the college and convent. In addition the community has a variety of manufacturing and retail facilities. TABLE 3-11 MAJOR EMPLOYERS - ST JOSEPH olleges & Universities Religious Organizations Trucking, Except Local phthalmic Goods Nonresidential Construction Drinking Places, Alcoholic Beverages Government Offices State Commercial Banks Plumbing Heating & Air Conditioning Gasoline Service Stations Source: Phone Survey-MDG, Inc., December 2007 480 110 39 35 30 22 20 20 13 13 The Minnesota Workforce Center indicates typical wages for employees in the S1. Cloud area for the third quarter, 2007 ranged from $8.55 per hour for food preparation and serving related occupations; $10.64 per hour for sales and related occupations; $13.45 per hour for office and administrative support occupations; $14.21 per hour for production occupations; $13.17 per hour for farming, fishing and forestry occupations; $17.09 per hour for community and social services occupations; $22.75 for education, training and library occupations; $20.43 for construction and extraction occupations; $22.25 per hour for business and financial operations and $35.78 per hour for management occupations. The Minnesota Department of Employment and Economic Development and the State Demographer predict the volume of workers within the available labor force in the Stearns County area will continue to increase through the year 2025. Table 3-12 below indicates a healthy increase in workers is projected. TABLE 3-12 STEARNS COUNTY - LABOR FORCE PROJECTIONS 30,410 35,490 38,780 41,970 44,240 44,300 +43.6% 13,384 18,990 25,300 29,490 31,150 31,000 30,450 +2.28% 1,426 1,700 2,590 3,130 4,380 5,870 7,040 +2.03% 68,560 84,000 91,120 95,850 98,490 100,280 +62% Source: 2000 Census; Minnesota Slate Demographer's Center Income The 2000 Census reports a median family income in S1. Joseph of $44,737, with male full-time year- round workers earning an average of $33,344 per year while female full-time year-round workers earn an average $22,007 per year. The per capita income in S1. Joseph is significantly lower than the township, county, state and federal averages of $18,384, $19,211, $30,742 and $28,546, respectively. 2008 City of 81. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 3 Page 10 DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS & ASSUMPTIONS While the 2000 Census reports the median income for Stearns County increased 19 percent from 1989 to 1999, it also indicates St. Cloud had the fourth highest city population of individuals 18 and older living in poverty, with a total of 7,171. More than 20 percent of St. Cloud families led by a female (and no male) were living in poverty. Almost 50% of those families had children less than five years of age. Among area cities, St. Joseph had a higher portion of families living in poverty at 5.4 percent. Neighboring city, Avon, had the lowest percent of families in poverty at one percent. Sauk Rapids, Sartel! and St. Cloud also had a lower portion of families living in poverty at 2.8, 3.0 and 5.0 percent respectively. Waite Park had a higher portion of families living in poverty at a rate of 7.9 percent. TABLE 3-13 INCOME PROFILES: STEARNS COUNTY CITY OF ST. JOSEPH AND ST. JOSEPH TOWNSHIP Source: 2000 Census Race Census 2000 statistics indicate 96.7% of St Joseph residents classify themselves as white or Caucasian. The remaining 3.3% of the population reported African-American (1.0%), American Indian and Alaska native (.2%), Asian (1.0%), Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander (.1 %) origins or two or more races (.5%). 2008 City of S1. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 3 Page 11 DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS & ASSUMPTIONS VIII. DEMOGRAPHIC GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS GOAL #1 : A DIVERSE COMMUNITY RESPONSIVE TO CHANGES IN DEMOGRAPHIC FORCES AND TRENDS. Objective A: Retain and increase diversity within the community. Policy/Recommendations: 1. Encourage the retention and expansion of existing businesses and industries as well as the development of new businesses and industries in order to increase employment opportunities and keep youth in the community. 2. Identify and modify rules and regulations that may create barriers to the creation of a variety of life cycle housing types, values and options. 3. Maintain quality of life within the City by working with the school district by placing a priority on providing the opportunity for all children to obtain a high level of education so they can qualify for high-tech jobs. 4. Offer technical assistance and educational outreach to employers desiring to attract aging workers and/or persons of retirement age. 5. Develop medical facilities and social services required by a diverse populace. Objective B: Ensure excellent care and support for the current and future needs of the community's aging population. Policies/Recommendations: 1. Ensure all appropriate access to facilities throughout the City so as to provide easy entry for the elderly and the disabled and retain the elderly population by ensuring sufficient and affordable access to all services. 2. Support of alternative modes of transportation to serve older adults. 3. Support beneficial services for the elderly such as meal delivery and place an emphasis on home health care. 4. Monitor to ensure adequate supply of housing opportunities for the community's senior citizens that meet all of their required needs. 5. Develop recreation opportunities for the elderly population. 6. Maintain high quality health care facilities within the community. 2008 City of 81. Joseph Comprehensive Plan Chapter 3 Page 12